Cervical cancer screening by PAP smear and HPV DNA testing

All patients are screened for cervical neoplasia by Pap smear collection. An Ayre’s spatula is used to scrape cells from ectocervix and then a thin smear is prepared on a glass slide. The smear is immediately fixed and sent for cytologic analysis. Any abnormality of Pap smear is further evaluated with colposcopy.

Colposcopy and colposcopy-guided biopsy

Colposcopy is the procedure by which cervix is visualized under magnification by using a colposcope. It is usually indicated once there are abnormal cells detected on Pap smear testing. It helps to identify the abnormal areas on the cervix and to direct the biopsy from those specific areas.

LEEP biopsy

LEEP utilizes a thin wire loop to remove the cervical transformation zone through electrocautery. It allows samples to be collected for additional tissue analysis and treats the condition in the same sitting.

Cryocauterization

This is a simple and safe procedure to treat cervical erosion and does not require any anaesthesia. A cryoprobe is first cooled by nitrous oxide and then touched to the abnormal cervical area. This freezes and kills the cells, resulting in the sloughing of the abnormal tissue. Patient is sent home the same day.

Ultrasound-guided procedures

In addition to the routine pelvic and obstetric scan, various ultrasound-guided procedures are done on routine basis. This includes sonohysterography and sonosalpingography, where saline is instilled in the uterine cavity and the fluid helps in outlining the intracavitary uterine pathology and also to establish tubal patency in infertile patients. Ultrasound-guided amniocentesis is done to procure a sample of amniotic fluid for metabolic and chromosomal analysis in patients who have bad obstetric history or inherited disorders.

Pipelle sampling

Endometrial biopsy is taken by Pipelle device. It is a 2-mm slender plastic curette. It is introduced in the uterine cavity and a strip of endometrium is obtained for histopathology. This is a painless and quick procedure which has replaced the conventional D&C. Endometrial biopsy is used in the assessment of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal patients for the assessment of the endometrium during tamoxifen therapy and for the investigation of amenorrhoea or infertility. In women, the combined use of pipelle sampling and ultrasound has a high detection rate for endometrial carcinoma.

Speciality Clinics

Adolescent Gynaecology Clinic

Menstrual problems, non-specific lower abdominal pain, anatomical and developmental abnormalities, genetic abnornialities, etc. are dealt with.

Menopousal Clinic

Each patient undergoes a thorough mental and physical evaluation and assessment. If indicated, hormonal treatment to meet the patient’s individual requirements is arranged

Infertility Clinic

The couple is evaluated for various male and female factors. Male factor evaluation is done in conjunction with urologists. Facilities for controlled ovarian stimulation with intrauterine insemination are currently available. Patients requiring further assisted reproductive techniques are referred to reputed IVF centers in the region.

Well Women Clinic

Special health care package is available for women in the perimenopausal age group. They are screened for cervical and breast malignancies by Pap smear testing and mammogram. Transvaginal ultrasound is done for endometrium and ovarian screening. Dexa scan is done for women at risk for osteoporosis.

Family Welfare Clinic

Postpartum clinic provides advice on contraception. We have facilities for insertion of intrauterine devices and laparoscopic sterilisation. If indicated, Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) services are also available.

Cancer Screening Clinic

Patients with abnormal pap smears are further screened by colposcopy and early lesions are treated by cryocauterisation or Loop Electrode Excision Procedure (LEEP).